Question E2C08:
Which of the following contacts may be confirmed through the Logbook of The World (LoTW)?  

Choices:  
A: Special event contacts between stations in the US  
B: Contacts between a US station and a non-US station  
C: Contacts for Worked All States credit  
D: All these choices are correct    

Correct Answer is  D: All these choices are correct  

LoTW is ARRL’s worldwide, online QSO confirmation system used for many awards. If both stations upload matching QSO records, LoTW can confirm the contact regardless of whether it’s domestic, international, or a special event.

Why D is correct (All these choices are correct):
- LoTW accepts and confirms:
  - Special event contacts (A), as long as both stations upload matching logs.
  - US-to-non-US contacts (B), because LoTW is global.
  - Contacts for Worked All States (C), since LoTW confirmations count toward ARRL WAS credit.
- Therefore, all of the above are valid uses of LoTW.

Why A, B, and C alone are not the best answers:
- Each is true, but none is as complete as D. The exam asks for the most comprehensive choice.

Rules of thumb for LoTW confirmations:
- A QSO is confirmed when these fields match between both logs:
  - Callsigns: $call_1 = call_2$
  - Band: $band_1 = band_2$
  - Mode: $mode_1 = mode_2$
  - Time/date (UTC): $|t_1 - t_2|$ within LoTW’s matching tolerance
- Keep your log in UTC to the minute; ensure callsign, band, mode, and time are accurate.
- LoTW confirmations can be applied directly to ARRL awards like DXCC, WAS, VUCC, and others without paper QSLs.