*Question G4E08:
In what configuration are the individual cells in a solar panel connected together?*  

*Correct Answer is  A: Series-parallel*  

### AI Response: (may contain errors)  

In a solar panel, the individual cells are typically connected in a **series-parallel** configuration. Here's a breakdown of why this is the correct answer and why the other options are not suitable.

### Correct Answer: Series-parallel
- **Explanation**: 
  - In a series-parallel configuration, multiple solar cells are connected in series to increase the voltage, and then these series strings are connected in parallel to increase the current. This configuration allows for a balance between voltage and current, optimizing the power output of the solar panel.
  - The overall voltage of the panel is the sum of the voltages of the cells in series, while the current remains the same as that of a single string. This is beneficial for maximizing efficiency and performance under varying light conditions.

### Incorrect Choices:
- **B: Shunt**
  - **Explanation**: A shunt configuration typically refers to a method of bypassing current around a component, not a way to connect solar cells. It does not describe how cells are arranged in a solar panel.

- **C: Bypass**
  - **Explanation**: Bypass diodes are used in solar panels to prevent power loss when some cells are shaded or malfunctioning. However, this term refers to a protective feature rather than a configuration for connecting cells.

- **D: Full-wave bridge**
  - **Explanation**: A full-wave bridge configuration is related to rectifying AC to DC using diodes. It is not applicable to the arrangement of solar cells in a panel.

### Summary
- The **series-parallel** configuration is optimal for solar panels as it combines the benefits of both series and parallel connections, allowing for higher voltage and current output.
- Other options either describe unrelated concepts or do not pertain to the arrangement of solar cells.

This understanding is crucial for the Extra Class exam, as it highlights the practical aspects of solar energy systems.