*Question G0B11:
Which of the following is required for lightning protection ground rods?*  

*Correct Answer is  D: They must be bonded together with all other grounds*  

### AI Response: (may contain errors)  

To understand the requirements for lightning protection ground rods, let's analyze the correct answer and the other options.

### Correct Answer: D - They must be bonded together with all other grounds

- **Explanation**: Ground rods used for lightning protection must be bonded to all other grounding systems in your installation. This ensures that in the event of a lightning strike, the electrical energy is safely dissipated into the ground, minimizing the risk of damage to equipment and reducing the potential for electric shock. Bonding all grounds together helps maintain a common reference point, which is crucial for safety.

### Why the Other Choices are Incorrect:

- **A: They must be bonded to all buried water and gas lines**  
  - **Explanation**: While it is important to bond to water pipes for grounding, bonding to gas lines is not recommended due to safety concerns. If a lightning strike occurs, it could create a spark that ignites gas, leading to a fire hazard. Therefore, this option is not a requirement.

- **B: Bends in ground wires must be made as close as possible to a right angle**  
  - **Explanation**: While it is good practice to minimize bends in grounding conductors to reduce resistance, there is no strict requirement that bends must be at right angles. The focus should be on maintaining a low-resistance path to ground rather than the angle of the bends.

- **C: Lightning grounds must be connected to all ungrounded wiring**  
  - **Explanation**: This statement is misleading. Lightning grounds should not be connected directly to ungrounded wiring. Instead, they should be connected to a proper grounding system. Connecting to ungrounded wiring could create a dangerous situation, as it may introduce potential differences that could lead to electric shock or equipment damage.

### Summary

- Ground rods must be bonded together with all other grounds to ensure safety and effective lightning protection.
- Avoid bonding to gas lines, focus on minimizing bends in grounding conductors, and do not connect lightning grounds to ungrounded wiring.

This understanding is crucial for passing the Extra Class exam and ensuring safe amateur radio operations.