*Question G3C09:
What type of propagation allows signals to be heard in the transmitting station’s skip zone?*  

*Correct Answer is  B: Scatter*  

### AI Response: (may contain errors)  

**Explanation:**

1. **Correct Answer: Scatter**

   - **Scatter propagation** occurs when radio waves are reflected or refracted by irregularities in the atmosphere, such as turbulence or small particles. This allows signals to be received in areas that are typically in the skip zone, which is the area between the ground wave and the first ionospheric reflection where signals are usually weak or absent. Scatter can fill in these gaps, allowing communication in the skip zone.

2. **Why the Other Choices are Incorrect:**

   - **A: Faraday rotation**
     - Faraday rotation refers to the rotation of the plane of polarization of a radio wave as it passes through the ionosphere. It affects the polarization of the signal but does not specifically enable communication in the skip zone.

   - **C: Chordal hop**
     - Chordal hop propagation involves signals that travel long distances by reflecting off the ionosphere multiple times without returning to the Earth's surface between hops. This is useful for long-distance communication but does not specifically address the skip zone issue.

   - **D: Short-path**
     - Short-path propagation refers to the most direct route between two points on the Earth's surface. It does not involve mechanisms that would allow signals to be heard in the skip zone.

3. **Useful Concepts:**

   - **Skip Zone:** The area where direct and reflected signals do not reach, often resulting in weak or no signal.
   - **Scatter Propagation:** Utilizes irregularities in the atmosphere to redirect signals into the skip zone, enhancing coverage.

Understanding these concepts helps in identifying how different propagation methods affect signal reach and coverage, particularly in challenging areas like the skip zone.